Wednesday, April 14, 2010

The Architecture of Android

The architecture of Android consists of the following layers
1. Applications
2. Application Frameworks
3. Libraries
4. Android Runtime
5. Linux Kernel


As made clear from the above diagram, the Applications such as the ones we use on the phone like search application, SMS and email clients, maps etc. form this layer.
These applications make use of core services which are provided by the Application Framework. With things like Location Manager, Notification Manager, various Content Providers etc., the application can depend on them to provide the service.
If we are coding in Java, with eclipse, we make use of Android Runtime which consists of the Dalvik Virtual Machine and the core libraries. This is the part which is responsible for running our applications in transparent way, independent of the machine architecture below.
This layer also acts as a wrapper around the different libraries which include libc, SQLite, Webkit(the browser), 2D and 3D graphics library, Encoder and decoders for various formats. You can make use of the NDK(Native Development Kit) to use these libraries directly.
The bottom of all this is the stable and reliable Linux Kernel. With all driver, memory and power management being handled by this layer.

Whats exactly in each of these layers, I will learn and write about them in the forthcoming posts.

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